big that to accomplish that, you have to look at every aspect and look at health care costs, growthing -- growing faster than the economy. we have to fix the social security system making promises that are bigger than which we can pay out down the road. ..

but he recognizes the threat it putouts there in the economy in that you can't possibly imagine the real growth coming without a sense of stability. the with coming from knowing what these changes will be so you could have planning investments, job creation, all the necessary pieces of moving the economy forward. the big wild card is when people are going to make these tough choices instead of using them to fight in the normal political boxes. what is going to happen next? it's on a different path than i would have thought. if you think about the prospect theory which basically says when you're delivering good news you want to do it in lots of little pieces if they got a promotion than you want to tell them they got a raise and then tell them they got a bigger office. each piece of big news is good and makes people happier.

if you were doing bad use and waiting for an airline that is going to be delayed. i think it really applies to a budget deal. if we are breaking out the way that we are going to fix the budget in little pieces we have savings early on the early years ago in the continuing resolution we have savings that came out of the budget control act we talked about the sequester, not likely to hit but it's starting to look like that might be in place for a while. when the super committee failed it was put in place. we just raise tax rates on the well-off so we are doing this in pieces off. declaring victory more angry at each other than they were before and making it harder to do the remaining policies is so we know what we have left we know what we have to the health care cost which the truth is we don't know

how to fix the system in its entirety. we have to keep looking at ways to control health care cost and the government programs and medicare and we are going to have to go back and do this every couple of years but we have to study what works and put more of the policies that are working in place. we have to deal with our other entitlement. it's a contentious issue in this country. it's always a political tough battle. but the longer we wait to make the changes for the people the difference of the programs there is no question about that and we have to go forward with tax reform which is great when you talk about it broadly we all know the tax code is a disaster and none of us like the tax code. when you talk about the ability to broaden the base, lower the rate and raise revenue, that is a pretty good system. it's pretty desirable to think about how to reform the tax code. but there are a lot of tough things when you talk about the specifics and the fact we need to deal with the mortgage deduction for state and local

taxation then capping the discretionary you don't have to talk about a single specific policy. taxing the 1% is easy even if you are the 1% its current take more of that to fix the problem. now it's the hardest part so it's how we are going to unravel the next steps. clearly the next piece is going to have to focus on entitlement reform that's the biggest tax. we have to reaction moments coming up next months, the sequester that the extended for two months and it has broad base across-the-board spending cuts which is a wrong way to do policy. we are dealing with a tough recovery we want to phase in all these gradually and pick and choose and policy makers to pick and choose instead of say this is too hard we are going to let the cat grow in place and not do

our job which is unforgivable as a way to make these policies. second, you have the debt ceiling. it is the wrong thing to hold the country hostage. it's also going to be a play we know there's could be a fight over the debt ceiling. in the past the debt ceiling reminded folks we were borrowing too much and we needed to make changes. it could be a useful reminder not if it goes as far as people really start to worry about in the u.s. government and economic damage which is what we saw last time. the third piece of the resolution the fact that government spending is going to expire and these three issues is another kind of fiscal cliff and the question is is it going to force action with the hardest pieces that are still remaining were the fact when it comes to the fiscal clef they still for all intensive purposes it's good we didn't go over the fiscal cliff, it's good we raise revenue, but we basically did what we always do in washington which is we punted all the hard

choices and a sort of tried to declare a bipartisan victory. but it wasn't theirs of the question was what's going to make these next action forcing moments more effective in getting us to take on the policy and this was a part of your question that will deal with the necessary savings for the next ten years. but just as important or perhaps more the the policies in place that are going to bring savings down gradually over time in the next ten years because it is the long-term that really is a threat to this budget. if you look at any of these charts we should have brought something better than that it's the growth in spending that comes from health care and the aging of the population interest because we are borrowing too much which blows up the budget and making gradual changes now, whether it's through fixing the way we measure inflation for promising to gradually raise the retirement age down the road, these kind of small savings that

compound wouldn't save so much money in the short and medium-term but an immense amount of good in bringing our long-term imbalances back into place. so the question is how you can have the political system which is not in great shape the forward-looking enough that it's willing to make a lot of changes now which will do a great amount of good down the road. and i am -- it could have been so much better than it was. i believe these changes will happen because they have to have been and we are the luckiest country in the world dealing with this because of the gift that markets can give us as a safe haven, us having to put more changes and please than any other country we don't have to do them quickly and abruptly. we can say we are going to do them and start them down the road which buys more time for an economic recovery. we would be so foolish to walk away from that opportunity to do this in an easier way waiting until the markets pushed us to

which i hope and continue to believe that we wouldn't do that to ourselves and the country would make these traces in a way that they are in advance and to give some planning room but the chances are we should have to because the six waited longer than we should have and it's the next election cycle or partisanship for the public interest has already taken and economic toll on what could have been because the bottom line is not only do we have to put these kind of savings policies in place, we have to be thoughtful about how we do them and when we are talking about spending, we have to think about how we not only bring spending down, but we readjust and prioritize and the budget completely emphasizes consumption instead of assumption. we need to turn that on its head and when we talk about revenue there is no question that was an aging population you have to bring in more revenue than you have in the past but if you do that in the same outdated anti-competitive tax system if you use this opportunity and you are bold about tax reform that we need on the individual and

corporate side to open up our economic system you can do this in a way that is good for the economy so we have hard choices to make and we should give ourselves the time to put the policies in place that deal with the deficit and also have a vision and the stability in what is going to happen in terms of the voting of economic growth. estimate what the peak to the cut a piece of that. the spending on health not necessarily the biggest cost of the deficit right now but if you look at 20 years, for 30 years it is the alligator that is going to swallow everything. i was on a panel last week and there was a lively argument around should we raise the age for medicare, should we try to change the system and have a fee for service, has the obama administration done a lot to

lower the cost of health care going forward so we don't need to do much more? what do you think is in practical terms what needs to be done on health care if you poll people they say we all want to cut medicare celerity want to go dealing with that piece of the puzzle? >> that reminds me when i was in graduate school i went to study foreign policy and was right around the time they balanced the budget and i thought my gosh what am i going to do? so i realized the long-term problems were still there and i had to make a choice whether social security or health care and it was easy, social security is easy supply jumped into becoming a social security expert because health care is so hard. they're really is no other issue at the core of all of this. we don't know the answers and the best thing that we can do right now is putting in place as

many different attempts to control health care costs and evaluating what works so we don't with a fork or not we've seen the costs coming down, and that could be in anticipation that could be temporary and permanent, so it's better data gathering the intra-asian, analyzing it and then figuring out what's working and doing more of that. one of the important things that happened in the changes that were just made or the exchanges on health care. it does give you the room to put an increase in the medicare ag wouldn't have had before. that would have been devastating to a number of people before now because of the health care exchanges it makes sense as a policy to think about increasing their retirement to become retirement age so it lines up with social security as we are living longer we know there's a huge health care cost is in the biggest one right now with the cost of aging is the biggest cost right now. and it's an incredible cost in

the society as we are aging as we are and we need to find productive ways to find people who can keep in the work force longer. but the bottom line with health care is the most important area is the incentive structure and the cost sharing structure and how we set the delivery system. none of them make sense right now for just any basic perspective and we need to switch those and you can do that while protecting people who depend on the victim's and not shift the cost to people who cannot afford it but if you have a crummy incentive payment structure you are going to have a crummy system and that isn't going to fix all of it that is one of the biggest starts. >> let me turn to the president and ceo of procter and gamble. you have a very successful company and a lot of operations in the u.s. and around the

world. what do you see is the most important growth promoting strategies that can be followed here? >> thank you, martin. i would like to talk about to important components that i think our important for economic growth promoting strategies to read the first which has been discussed already at some length by the panel was addressing the deficit trajectory so that the public debt doesn't crowd out our private investment to redouble require reforming the entitlement programs as talked about because of the primary drivers of the spending growth and if you don't get them under control they won't be secure for future generations so that's critically important to read the second thing and i think equally important is improving our country's global competitiveness and doing that through free and fair trade as well as a more

comparative and comprehensive tax reform. the fiscal cliff is a short-term fix that has avoided us falling off the cliff and sending of the economy and the recession and it really fails to address the longer issues affecting the deficit and also the economic competitiveness of the united states and those of us that run the global companies obviously care very deeply about them. preserving the letter to nettie for comprehensive revenue neutral tax reform is a critical and very important to creating pro-growth tax law that will enable american companies to compete effectively against companies that are domicile in other countries around the world we need a level playing field. the united states has the highest corporate tax rate in the world.

also the united states is one of the few countries in the world with a system that is called a global tax system rather than a territorial tax system. the 113th congress we are going to continue to advocate for comprehensive tax reform that broadens the base that reduces corporate tax rates and moves through a competitive territorial system. proctor and gamble pays income taxes and over 100 countries around the world. a business tax reform should provide a level playing field so that each business has the confidence of knowing it pays roughly the same amount of income tax as its competitors in markets with at home and abroad. in terms of deficit reduction, the obvious problem that must be addressed is the problem that currently the united states has been spending at a rate that far exceeds the rate of revenue that we are receiving.

the situation often occurs during a recession as the lightning economy produces less revenue from income and payroll taxes while government spending programs continue to expand. the longer-term problem isn't related directly to the recent recession despite the unprecedented amount of the fiscal stimulus to the new government programs. for example, some economic literature suggests that when a country's debt to gdp ratio exceeds 90%, the country's long-term gdp growth rate structure slows down. this adversely affects everyone's potential standard of living. the u.s. deficit now exceeds 100 percent of the debt to gdp ratio so we already may be experiencing the initial impact of extended deficit financing.

the longer term problem is to a very large extent the product of the key entitlement programs that are in a part of part of the nation's safety net for the elderly. slowing the growth of spending in the nation's in title at program can help make these programs secure for current and future workers and we think that's very important. by 2035, there will be only two workers per beneficiary and a typical 65-year-old retiree would have about a 50% longer retirement than had occurred in 1995. this is a very serious issue. currently the social security retirement is a pay-as-you-go system that provides more annual benefits than the payroll tax collectors. if left alone, this eventually will lead to insolvency particularly with the rapidly increasing number of baby boomers retire in every day as was referred to by maya and

louis. there isn't time today nor do i have the proven expertise to suggest specific solutions it's important that the contras and the administration analyze acceptable methods to ensure that these programs can be available to the future retirees reforms can and must be adopted the don't undermine how the benefits or obviously they won't be accepted to read the benefits must be preserved for the names of americans who are now participating in the work force. we have an easier chance of getting it done. in terms of innovation, innovation has been the core to procter and gamble success over 175 years of doing business. we spend about $2.5 billion a year on research and development

that's 40% more than the largest competitor. we spend about $400 million a year on consumer research trying to understand the articulate it consumer needs that we can design products to solve. innovation was our lifeblood for touching and improving the lives and innovation as what presents the categories and helps reduce cost and it's what helps us deliver products that are affordable for consumers around the world come and we serve over 4 billion consumers every single day. for decades our country has demonstrated the capability to innovate consistently reliably and successfully. we have a robust multi-year innovation program on our core business and we've increased our focus on discontinuous innovation, things of holding a categories, having been bothered

before such as when we introduced swiffer as a way to quickly clean your floors or blind or think of it as a tripod or a single use laundry detergent that can be put right in the middle that is a concentrated form of laundry detergent made available today. we transfer our innovative ideas around the world and that leads to growth around the world. for example, the technology that we have invented is an expanding around the world, and that is leading to jobs overseas because the plants have to be near the consumers trying to serve. we can't export to the disposable diaper from pennsylvania to china and make money on it so we have 150 factories around the world. but nevertheless, that the business that we do internationally results in jobs in the united states. 20% of our jobs in the united states rely on an international

business. 40% in the state of ohio our home state relies on international business. so that international business and being globally competitive is incredibly important to their growth of our company and to the growth of the economy and the allied states. we have the world's best company in the united states but right now we are putting them at a disadvantage with our tax policy, with our fiscal policy and with many of the things i've already talked about. >> thank you. >> i agree with you strongly that we have to do a tax reform and we can't have taxes that make our companies competitive. i agree that we have to reform entitlements and bring down the cost of entitlements. but as a leader in the business community, you have a bit of a problem, don't you? i would like you to say is that a little bit how does the business community for and its message to be part of the debate

about what to do? >> i think any american that knew that we had the highest corporate tax rate in the world second to none would agree that is probably not a good idea, particularly since the american people are the workers in the company's. it gets back to global competitiveness, having the highest corporate tax rate in the world isn't a globally competitive. having a worldwide system that prohibits u.s. based multinationals, and we have the best ones moving money from one country to the other or even moving it back to the united states to make an investment here having to pay double taxation. we want our american companies to have a level playing field with the companies they compete with. i was in china not long ago in

the u.s.-china business council and the government of china was asking for help to help them understand how to create globally competitive companies and they were asking american companies, american ceos to help them create globally competitive companies. i think we need to reform our system to allow our companies to be competitive before international companies who have advantages given to them by their government and by their systems become fierce competitors. >> i'm in a project on financial resolution regulation and we are looking at doing to change the of architecture with different regulators and i was told of the chinese are in the process of setting up their regulatory system and they come to the united states and say should we do with the same way as you do it and i think we said no, maybe

not. part of an investment company but you see is the significance of this fiscal debate for innovation in the u.s. and the economic performance in the u.s.? >> i agree with what has already been said and this whole fiscal issue is centered around the competitiveness of american business and american companies and american production in the global economy because we can't go back ten years or 20 years and hope one way or another through trade protection or other means we will insulate or protect our businesses or workers from winning.

so the only path to america when economically that is we create a regulatory environment, tax environment, and competitive regime here in this country that actually allows our businesses and workers to win in that global wheat competitive game at the moment. we have some extraordinary assets in this country. we have a highly educated and motivated work force that in many respects outperforms, not out educated about from a point of view workers in virtually every effort country. we have the most efficient capital markets in the world. our companies have the lowest cost of capital of any companies anywhere around the globe.

we have a spirit of entrepreneurship and innovation and capitalist system and commitment to a capitalist system that is the envy of virtually every other country in the world, and we also have increasingly as elude it to in the earlier panel have always had a very strong natural resources, but with shale oil and gas and the incredible strength of our agricultural industry we have a great natural resources as well so there's a lot to be bullish about in this country in terms of our economic opportunities, but this fiscal deficit, our fiscal policy is an enormous cloud on us reaching

that potential and i work on the investment banking industry i used to be in the money-management industry. there is a phrase that sometimes gets applied to companies and you say about the company, good company, but bad capital structure and may be bad management as well. that was used to describe a company that had a great products, highly motivated work force, was winning in the eyes of the consumer or whoever the purchasers of the products work, but they may be had to much debt or they have a management team or structure that didn't take the stand of the enormous opportunities that they had in front of them. i think that we are perilously close in this country today to the phrase to take great country but with a great balance sheet and a bad managerial structure. that is the core of the fiscal

issue that we face in this country today. why is that a concern? because if we do not address this, we will not be effectively prevented just like an over leveraged company for making the investments in infrastructure, education that are the key to us winning ten years from now, 20 years from now, for 30 years from now and which ultimately are critical to sustain and a high level of growth and a high level of line at in this country and we will do a second thing which is in some respects more venal we will saddle our children and grandchildren with the responsibility for paying off or for paying down the debt that we incurred because we

wanted a level of government but we were not prepared to pay for it in that level of government so it really critically important thing and i think as maya and bob said the answer as well. i haven't met a single democrat, republican, even socialist. we have a couple of them in the congress as well or independent who doesn't have a pretty clear idea of how this should -- with the answer is and it's very frustrating for i think many of us who don't spend a lot of our time in washington that we are not getting to the point that it's so clearly we need to get because we don't get this behind us there are three massively important issues to address in our competitiveness. corporate tax reform, individual

tax reform and entitlement reform and if we don't get a big start at addressing our fiscal issues we are going to miss an enormous opportunity to address all of those. let me close with one comment referred to the importance of confidence and growth and investing you've run a business like bob does and you have the uncertainty of the fiscal cliff it makes you a little bit more cautious about hiring people because if we do go into a weaker economy to can have intense pressure on your earnings to reverse of this issue of confidence in the governance structure and the ability of washington to address

these critically important issues is pretty fundamental to the success of the real economy it gets reflected quickly in the cattle markets resolve than july 20 love and the sloppy job here in washington has pretty profound effect on the performance of the real economy, and i must say i look at some of the discussion around the debt ceiling discussion and i lose view that this is the height of irresponsibility that we are sitting here discussing where the united states should be felt on debt that has been occurred as a result of spending approved

by both bodies of congress and signed by the president of the united states. 545 members of congress i assure you that not a single one of them if they were confronted with a credit card bill that they didn't like what simply say i'm not going to pay that because i know the implications for their credit rating and the access to future bank loans would be affected for ten, 15, 20 years and so it is kind of appalling that we are sitting here discussing whether we would do that with this country that we are so all incredibly proud >> let me in my last question try to be a little bit provocative here. folks like alan come and nobel

prize-winning economist and bottom blanking, paul krugman who's identified on the left but is quite influential. they say we have to get this economy going again if we can get the growth we need demand, we need to do something with our infrastructure, we need to spend more on infrastructure. we worry about the deficit for the next two or three years is a mistake and business would respond if we could get that going again. so what do you say in response to that? >> i would say like many things i don't agree with there is a kernel of truth. i think the answer is i've cited a number of times what we need is three b's. it needs to be big which means 4 trillion or more, it needs to be balanced with the of revenues

and 2.8 to $3 trillion of expense reductions and the third thing is backend loaded which is sensitive to the fact that we are still performing well below potential and we need to make some investments to stimulate our competitiveness. it's embarrassing as a country that we are somewhere in the 20's and educational achievement, is embarrassing the degree to read their infrastructure and training systems are better than ours. there is no road to a competitive successful united states tend to 15, 20, 30 years

from now that does not strongly address the deficit issue that we have. >> i shortchanged the audience a little bit but let me try to eliminate that by taking one or two questions from the audience. can we get a microphone, can you identify yourself, please. >> a couple comments and questions come in business strategy follows your budget and getting the strategy right and getting the budget the second thing is a question about alignment and the question is there any combination of structures that make it so if you don't have a budget and you don't have approved deficit level we don't pay congress or

the president. it's pay for performance. so i would be interested in your comments on that. >> anyone want to tackle that intriguing thought? >> i will jump in on the first one because it's so important. when you think about what we need to do, and we use 4 trillion on something of a stabilize the debt and put it on a downward path and that is really hard to do. but it isn't sufficient to fix the problem and i think that you have heard that through this whole panel and you hear it whenever you hear the policy people talking about it's not enough to get the fiscal situation under control you also need to write the fiscal policies or the right to budgetary policy, and it's kind of astounding in this country to start with the fact we don't have a budget the way the government operates without putting a budget in place is beyond any of us. but the fact that we also don't use it as the opportunity to take our national priorities.

what are the most important things for the country to do ha. should government do them, should be at the federal level, the state level? these are things you do in public policy schools and then you come out and that isn't how it works at all you don't go through this exercise of national priorities figuring out how to do them and saying they are important enough to do, you pay for them. you need to pick priorities that have long-term goals and competitiveness among other values that are leading them and then you need to pay for that because it is absolutely unacceptable to fix spending policies that don't even achieve those goals and then hand that bill off to the kids and keep trying to explain to my kids to make it interesting that you can't explain it in any way that makes it acceptable. quickly to your second point, you know, it is obviously a gimmick but it feels like this

is we have such frustration and particularly those of you that have run companies have such frustration that we have hired a group of people to come to washington and the amount of energy that goes on dhaka to teams beating each other up instead of solving a problem that no matter how much we might disagree on the role and the way to solve it, we know it has to be solved it just seems completely unacceptable so there's sort of those moments where you need the no budget gimmicks if nothing else just to focus attention on we have to work on this until we get it done. estimate i kind of like this idea, lower the base pay and get a bonus that depends upon the performance. that's kind of attractive. yes? >> i write the mitchell report and i want to follow on that with another thought. ross captured when he said a good country, bad management, that governments.

it seems to me that if there is any lesson that we get from this panel and other discussions there is a way to fix the balance sheet. it isn't clear that there isn't a way to fix government. in the first panel, the mayor talked about moving it at the speed of business. so there's a question for mr. macdonald. in an earlier life i competed directly against your company in the advertising business in a category that at that time we were pretty successful. one of the things i learned it occurred to me that if arguably the most successful consumer product company can direct its product managers to put their

annual market plans in three pages that we might be able to take some of that magic instead of having a 2,000 page health care bill or other bills of that land that nobody reads there is a place where the business community might be able to have some influence on this third problem that we talked about it is bad management and bad governance. it's been a guiding you raise a very interesting point. we spend a lot of time training our new hires thinking up front so they can have those on page to page 43 page memos to i'm asking maya what she learned in school about creating a policy because i almost think that there is some pride taken in the laundry and the more complex the

better, i don't know. but certainly the longer the more complex because if you can deal with principle that could be shorter to get you don't have to think that every execution all detail, and i think kind of what we miss because as was suggested, we don't have a strategy and the budget isn't following the strategy. we are dealing with execution rather than with principle. so, i agree with your point very much. >> kristopher all i think attention to the quality of management, the training and development of public managers especially people who devote a large part of their career to public service i think is an

important subject. i think somebody may be familiar with the department of public service to that cause but it's essentially the only organization i know of that is. we have many talented career public servants in this government. we happen to have had in this administration both the first treasury secretary and the nominee to be the second both of whom have essentially spent with brief interruptions their entire career in public service and match up with the best public servants i think you find anywhere around the world in their field, and i would say the same thing about the current deputy secretary of state completing 30 years in public service as one of i think only a

couple career form service officers to rise to the rank of deputy secretary. but we need to put more energy and resources into the development of those public sector carriers. i think the other point which is more troubling is -- and there has been a lot of commentary and we have to recognize there has been changes in the political demographics partly as a result of the district and partly as a result of changes in the country that has pushed more reflective of legislators to words the extreme ends. the challenge coming to them because more and more districts are essentially single party districts and so the political threat to an incumbent comes on their right or right depending on the party, and that creates a

foundation for the kind of intense partisanship and division that we see to it technology, money and politics, all of that adds to its. my first job after graduate school was on the senate staff and a national campaign that came out of it in 1967, 68, and the first thing for robert kennedy the first thing senator kennedy said to me the first day i started in may of 1967 as the junior member of the legislative staff she was hardly someone that had grown up or was devoted to its internal process. but the first thing he said to me was he was going to set up a series of meetings with some people whom he disagreed about a lot of subjects but who knew and

loved the senate and its process and so for that first couple of weeks, i got to spend time on the democratic side with senator long and senator russell on the republican side with senator dirksen and java. that kind of experience doesn't happen very much anymore and it is an anecdotal indication of the change. somehow we need more people, more forms wear those kind of issues that affect the political process were discussed as well as a substantive issue. >> at the back we have to line up. i am a communications and marketing consultant, and the name of this panel was deficit

reform resulting uncertainty and promoting innovation and i have heard a lot of discussion of resolving uncertainty over what the government's responsibility is and what the conagra's should be doing and what the president should be doing, but i haven't heard very much about what the business should be doing we will let bald go first he has a much bigger company. >> i try to john about that but i couldn't agree with you more. the innovation is in many ways the solution to the many of our problems there's a wonderful book written by a man called

irrational optimist. the man as british and in the book he talks about innovation really solving the majority of the world's problems, what has gotten us here today and reminds us that back in the mid 1800's those people that lived in the u.k. at that time thought that we were all going to die under horse manure and of course that didn't happen because the invention of the automobile, and the invention of the automobile brought other problems, but i do think innovation is the solution, and it's why we have spent so much money trying to improve people's lives through innovation. the way to get that done is by having the best schools, by having competitive schools we have to have competitive education. most of our international partners are educated in the united states. some of them would like to stay

here but unfortunately when they graduate they can't get them to stay and they have to go back. so, education and the infrastructure is certainly one thing and i will stop there so the other panelists can comment. >> i can't agree with what he said in the gist of your question at the end of the day as i said a little earlier for america to achieve what it is capable of achieving from an economic point of view it is fundamentally dependent upon our ability to continue to innovate and create and intent, and i think we want a governmental system i believe we should all want that, that effectively allows business to do that because ultimately that is how we will create jobs and more economic output here in the united states, but it does that

in a way that is respectful of the populist as a whole, so we do need a the environmental protections, we do need the safety protections, we do need the licensing approval of drugs because none of us individually are capable of ascertaining the safety and soundness of those individual products. but having said that, we plan as a country if we are using the government to play the role as a protector of those things that expertise is required, but we then allow a more unfettered investment of our people and in our innovations to win. if you look at the industries where the united states is winning globally, they are almost all industries where

technological wordbook sensitivity to consumers deeply researched consumer needs i would say our financial industry is an industry where, you know, we are winning globally, and i agree generally before comment about the regulatory environment, but i think we have to look at that also to make sure that we are not rendering an industry that we are winning around the world today and if to be less competitive. >> i was sort of thinking about all the questions that came up and the comparisons about the business and public sector and what we could be learning from the author. degette in the public sector health, back to the first point we don't start with sort of what your objective is and these are the things you would do if you are learning a business how you are going to efficiently achieve it building and operation if you look at how the government is

organized it doesn't make sense in ways that becomes compartmentalized and so many issues to be problem-solving. so, the observations that you use to achieve those goals and then the evaluation, we never spent any time to giving out what works and what doesn't and then funneling back into changing things or redirecting our resources but you don't want to overstate the comparison because there is a bottom line in the business and the result is another bottomline in government and it isn't though you can run in some way and the public interest on rival things the public sector can't do in many ways, so i think there are so many useful lessons about how we can improve the government but you also don't want to overstate them. but this innovation problem is so true as well and the same broken system and government that is keeping us from solving problems that we know are there, and i always come back into partisanship, the fact the two

sides would rather beat each other up and come up with the answers i think is addressing the innovation and the government which is there are public sector problems which we need to salt, and if we are able to find a way to be more and to the real and innovative in the government which again is a lot of what you do any think-tank but to have that work in the political system and to have more partnerships in the private sector in solving those problems this country would be moving forward so much farther and so much faster. i will come back to where i started which is the fiscal problem seems to me like it is gunning of the wheels of everything and there is no reason it's not okay to disagree on what the priorities are, but if we are breaking our system that allows the government to financially function at all, we will not get to any of those discussions and shame on us if we end up not being who we are for the next tremendous decades and choose not to make the traces that allow us to go forward with those.

>> i think the claims about the value of investing in the innovation and the time management to that, nothing is important than the leaders in the global business community and because of the priority to the city coming directly out of the financial crisis reestablished innovation centers countered after the kind of lab that some technology companies had. one and palo alto and one in singapore for an extraordinary value and the ever listen for the time i've spent in and around the business world is that every investment you make

in town at every level of the town chain, every aspect of the management is about the best thing you can do with that amount of resources. >> you made a great segued that goes to the last panel which is you talk about the innovation and the government and improving the government performance, and that is exactly what we are going to talk about with phil leadership after lunch. and so, we look forward to that panel i'm a believer that you can get the efficiency gains. this is the nature of the panel. my thanks to everybody on the panel. [applause] we will see you later.

[inaudible conversations]

he taught devotee for years, the american dream, and then it becomes his dream and he had been in detroit just a few months before and he talked about i have a dream that america will someday realize these principles in the declaration of independence. so he was just inspired by that moment. why did you write a book about your experience? >> it was an important part of what history. i felt that the fdic perspective should be brought to bear. there's been some other accounts of the crisis that were not

completely accurate so i thought it was important for the historical record to present the perspective and also currently for people to understand there were different policy traces of a different policy options and disagreements and that if we want to prevent the crisis, the crisis from happening again i felt the public itself needed to engage more in the financial reform there could be the interest and educate themselves better for the elected officials so i try hard to make the book accessible and i have policy recommendations i hope people will look at and take seriously. house democrats yesterday held a hearing on reducing gun violence. the superintendent from

connecticut gave a detailed account of the sandy hook shooting last month. also testifying, philadelphia mayor michael nutter, the mother of the victim of the arizonan shooting two years ago and police chief from minnesota. >> good afternoon, everyone. thank you very much for joining us on this very solemn and important occasion for the american people. just over a month ago our nation was shocked and horrified by the news of the shooting at sandy hook elementary school in newtown connecticut. 20 children and six educators were taken from us at gunpoint.

an act of senseless incomprehensible violence struck at the heart of our families and schools and communities across the country. earlier this month, shortly after newtown, all members of congress to get both to protect and defend the constitution and the american people. to protect and defend, that is our first responsibility to read today leaders of the house democratic caucus have come together to fulfill that duty to confront the challenge of some violence in our society to enact and insure the safety and security of our communities. under the leadership of congress man thompson, mike thompson, our gun violence prevention task force keeps growing in numbers. our colleagues are submitting

recommendations for legislation, the task force is working with outside organizations and sharing the latest information on gun violence and the steps that we can take and must take to ended. today to strengthen efforts of this task force and our democratic caucus, we will hear from americans with personal and professional experiences with gun violence. and with critical expertise on how and why we must protect it. we thank them for sharing their grief to help other people be safe, to sharing their experiences to help us all honor our oath of office. our witnesses hill from every walk of life as education, academia, law enforcement and public service today we are extraordinarily grateful to have with us dr. janet robinson, superintendent of schools of

newtown, connecticut. dr. emily, the mother of gabe zimmerman who was a victim in tucson nearly two years ago. scott night from the police department here in minnesota to give a view for middle america in the rural areas, and then michael nutter who has been a leader on this issue for a very long time. your voice as and your contributions are playing a critical role in our effort to take these long overdue actions. we look forward to hearing your ideas and testimonies and answering the call to action on gun violence prevention. ..

>> we must address issues of mental health and keep weapons out of the hands in danger of doing harm to themselves or others. these commonsense proposals among others represent steps we can take and must take right away to stop the violence.

as the president said today, this time must be different. we agree that we cannot permit anyone times go by without action and we over to the family and the victims of newtown, connecticut, aurora, colorado, virginia tech, the list goes on and on and on everyday. we have shootings -- too many of them across america. i am very pleased during the meeting to the cochair of our policy committee, congresswoman rosa delauro and congresswoman rob andrews. we have congressman johnson on your this well and the prevention tax force or violence. also mike thompson, thank you for your leadership. we are also joined by steny hoyer. with that, we will go to our cochairs. >> i think you very much, madam

leader. chairman injuries, to everyone for scheduling this critical and very timely hearing. as the president indicated, there has been assigning of executive orders by the president and we all feel the urgency of responding to the dangers that are communities confront. with the distribution of guns and large capacity magazines and with the status of our mental health observations who ought not to have guns and make sure that we know who is getting weapons and bringing danger to our community. i appreciate the witnesses and i welcome them and it is obviously an extraordinarily timely hearing.

the witnesses and the attendance in the media of the public. thank you for being here. thank you, madam leader. >> thank you very much, madam leader. it is a privilege for me to welcome all of you, and i want to say thank you to the leader for calling this hearing. i am also pleased to join rob andrews cochair of the policy committee and my other colleagues here today. i want to say thank you to the panel for taking time to join with us. in fact, it is such a distinguished panel and let me just for a moment personally thank and acknowledge all of you. i have to say welcome to our visitor from connecticut, superintendent janet robinson of newtown, connecticut. i know that she had been working with families and children and teachers and first responders and an unbelievable organization

in new haven along with ways to help people work through this tragedy with the students and teachers. i look forward to hearing her testimony. school should be a place where children are safe to learn and to grow. the incomprehensible actions of a young man suddenly devastated a small-town community. six adults, 20 innocent children. all of them between six and seven years old were murdered in cold blood. we have seen similar acts of terror in oakland and tucson and virginia tech, all across our country. we see the loss of life everyday all across this nation. after the unthinkable in newtown, president obama spoke about if we are doing enough to protect our children. the answer, he admitted, is no. that must change. that is why we are here today.

we will hear from people who deal with the effects of gun violence every day. a wide range of experience and expertise when we will facilitate a discussion on it, then step the we must take to ensure that these tragedies will never happen again. i have a letter from the teachers of newtown, which i will enter into the record. but i will share one sentence. it says in our schools we need to strike the right balance to ensure that schools are nurturing while also say. safe. and we need to strike the right balance what the schools do not become in a place where they cannot be kids. we need to find and maintain this balance between safety and learning. as we move forward during this difficult time, collaboration, communication, value and the voice of experience of all the members of teachers and educators and law enforcement officials, the affected families will be essential to making our schools and streets safer and

stronger and more united. that is why we are here today, to prevent another sandy hook incident. we all need to work together to end violence. i hope we can continue that pilots today -- to end that pilots today. i think you'll. >> i would like to thank my leader and coach are in cali. we come to this room today from many different races places and backgrounds. the last few months we have seen too many of our fellow countryman gunned down. i represent canham, new jersey. we have seen our neighbors die in shopping malls and movie theaters. college campuses and horrifically, 31 days ago, an elementary school. we are bonded together in this room today by one common conviction. that is our belief that this is

not inevitable. we can make choices to make this stop in the future. we believe that with good consistent practice, we can improve our mental health system is done so that people who are demonized and tortured can get help. we believe that consistently good law enforcement practices, we can make our schools and our campuses in a public place is safe in a responsible way. yes, we believe that consistent with the second amendment to the constitution of the united states and consistent with a common sense of the american people, that we can pass a law that makes it so that no one can own a gun that can fire 30 bullets and 30 seconds. we look forward to the

perspective of the witnesses on these pressing questions. now that we are going to hear from the ranking member and are judiciary member, mr. conyers. >> it is important that we recognize that the vice president united states, the president, our leader, nancy pelosi here in the congress, and all of the members assembled here are committed to deal for the very first time this horrible gun violence that is going on and deal with it in a meaningful way. so i think all of the witnesses for being here. i join with all my colleagues in the very importance of this

matter. what is important is addressing the mental health crisis in our country are you in which so many people suffer from some form of a mental problem. i applaud you all for being here, and i look forward to this very important call to action. >> thank you, mr. conyers. i would now like to introduce the chair of the task force. mike thompson of california. >> thank you very much, madam chair. leader nancy pelosi, thank you for organizing today's hearing. and thank you to the witnesses who came to share expertise with

us and your experiences with us. as a gun owner, i believe that we should protect the second amendment rights. as a father and a grandfather, i also believe that we have a very important responsibility to make sure that our schools and our streets and our communities are safe. i know that we can do both. one thing is very clear. now is the time for action. there is too much gun violence. there is no set of laws that will end the horrific shootings and senseless acts of violence. but that is no excuse for sitting around and doing nothing. the time is now. as the chair of the gun violence prevention task force, i am working on a comprehensive report which reduces gun violence. republicans, democrats, gun rights groups, mental health experts, educational leaders, people from the video game and movie industry, hunting and

sportsmen groups, law enforcement leaders and the vice president of the united states of america, and with my constituents. this is a complex issue and in order to make progress, it's going to take a complex solution. but every idea needs to be on the table and everyone needs to be at that table in order for us to be successful. we can make our communities safer. >> thank you, sir. >> next we are going to hear from representative carolyn mccarthy from new york.

>> thank you. i think everyone for bringing here their experiences and for being here today. i have been working on this issue for 18 years now. everybody thinks that this closure for victims, but it never goes away. every time there is a shooting, each and every one of us go through that moment when the tragedy happened to our family. my husband died, my son was severely injured and left paralyzed. it was during that time that he was learning how to speak again and he asked me why. and i didn't have the answer. i'm saying this because people like us went through this tragedy and we are the ones that wanted to do the best that we can to make sure that no other family goes through what we have already gone through.

many have our he experienced that. i would say to so many of the victims out there, there are times when we lose faith and there are times when we want to give up. all i can say is that we cannot give up. the shootings have only gotten worse, and there are things that we could've done so many years ago. things that could have prevented these killings. not only the mass killings, it's also the shootings that happened every single day. since what happened in connecticut with those children and their teachers, 900 people have died. 900 people have died from gun violence. i keep count. i do keep count. because it is going to be up to all of us to try to talk to some

of our members on both sides of the aisle that we, as americans, will stand with them if they stand with us in trying to reduce gun violence. we do not have to be afraid of the radical nra. i say that because there are many gun owners in this country that are good citizens. there are very big atrocities are happening. we are here to do the right thing. this will begin another losing battle. we cannot afford to lose another battle. we have common sense issues to

stop gun violence, holistically and when it comes down to it, the assault weapons are made to our police officers and our military and they have no right to be on the street. and they do not. we know that we can't save every single life. i was a nurse for many years before i came here in the best of the best couldn't save every single life. that doesn't mean that we couldn't try to do as much as we could save those lives.

there are people who really care about this issue and who have been fighting this issue for longer than me. victims that i haven't seen in 10 or 15 years. victims still out there fighting. this time it is different. it has to stop. we are americans we are all better than that. and we cannot allow a group, a small minority of this country to stop us from doing the right thing. thank you.

>> i would like to now introduce our first witness, who is congressman elizabeth etsy and she resides in the sandy hook elementary school area. we will have all of the various members introduce the witnesses. then we will proceed with the testimony. >> thank you so much for is a call to action us what is what

we must do as a country. i am honored to have janet robinson here with us. she responded in a timely fashion is a vice. throughout her career, she has shown a constant ongoing commitment to education and improving the lives of children. in addition to having served as superintendent of schools in three different mendicant communities, janet has served as a teacher in a school counselor and a school psychologist. i met janet on the afternoon of the shooting area janet was grieving and she was there with parents of children who did not know if their children were going to come home. as we know, 20 children did not. the next morning, this great

woman sat around a conference table with the board of education in her community and begin planning how to protect those children and their families and how to reopen the school and get children back to learning. she is an extraordinary person and was putting sandy hook community first, the teachers, the children, and their family, and thinking about it. her friends will cut down on that terrible day. janet, i know that you will provide invaluable expertise to us in today's hearings. you are an expert on children and teaching and most importantly, and for all purposes today, you are an expert on the price of inaction. you are an expert, because newtown, connecticut, has paid this price. your children have paid the price. the teachers paid the price and

the administrators paid the price, as well as the community paid the price. you speak with unquestionable authority on a subject and you have lived what has happened when we, as political leaders, do not act. you can speak through us here today on who these people were, tell us about the extraordinary principle and leader of the school. these incredible children in these incredible leaders of the community. what we need to do is hear from you about how to prevent tragedy and how to ensure that no other community endures what newtown, connecticut has gone through. what happened now, we could not prevent what happened then. but we can go forward. this is about what happens now.

i want to thank you for your extraordinary leadership encouraged in your community and in coming here today. thank you so very much. >> our next introducer is someone who bears both a physical and emotional scars of this issue. he stood by the sight of our colleague, gabby giffords, on the day of the horrific event in arizona. he has stood by her ever since and now he occupies receipt. congressman ron barber of arizona. >> thank you, mr. chairman and madam leader for bringing us together to hear from the panel. also to reflect on what we as a nation can do to prevent any kind of recurrence. it is my honor to introduce emily nottingham. she is from tucson, arizona. emily and i have known each other for a long time even before i knew her son. she worked for 40 years in the city of tucson, arizona, as an

administrator or community housing and social services and held that position until not that long ago. beyond that, she is active in many community organizations and i'm very proud to say that she is one of the first people to join the advisory board to establish understanding, shortly after the shooting in tucson. she is also an outdoors person, as well as her son, and is on the board of the arizona trail association and many other nonprofits. she is also the proud mother of two young men, dan and dave zimmerman. gabe is my transition buddy. he was a friend and we had a place where we put together the

office of congressman gifford staff early on. he is a wonderful young man with such compassion and care. it is beyond words to think that he is no longer with us. his mother served for many years people who were disadvantaged in our community. it was gabe who was killed at that event on january 8. he died right beside me after being shot myself. i will never, ever forget the image of gabe dying by my side. i know for certain that his last action was to come and try to help us. to help congresswoman giffords and in doing that, he was shot.

some of us here in congress meet regularly in the room that is named in his honor. every time i go to meetings, i remember this young man. his mother has been very active. particularly active since the tragedy in tucson. there was a magazine in a clip that 33 bullets. i know that we need to do something about it, and i know that emily wants to do something as well. we want to welcome emily nottingham to hear her testimony this afternoon.

>> we will now hear from our colleague, keith ellison or it. >> thank you, madam chair and madam leader on behalf, my colleague, eddie mccollough minaya, we are privileged to introduce scott knight, who is the chief of staff in minnesota. but i would be very remiss if i did not mention that the mayor of the city of minneapolis is here with us. also, an individual who tragically lost her father not more than a few months ago. her name is my art. thank you all for being here. the police chief has been achieved since 2000. it is located a short distance between the twin cities.

he has served on the firearms committee from 2000 until 2012. law enforcement is a key constituency if we are going to bring this state of gun violence under control. he has fought against illegal gun trade and in 2010, he joined nine other major law enforcement organizations to form the national law enforcement partnership to prevent gun violence. chief knight was chairman during the first year. in 2008, chief knight received the minnesota chief of police president association award and

for his work on gun violence and officer safety issues as well and he has testified before congress before and is an expert in this area and we are very pleased to greet you here today. thank you. >> our final introducer is my friend from philadelphia, congressman chaka fatta. he met thank you, mr. chairman. we are about to celebrate the life and legacy of doctor martin luther king. we are reminded where he was shot down at the lorraine motel, whether it's president reagan or president kennedy who were both shot as well, to that were fatal in one that was almost, we are reminded all the time. the supreme court ruled that everyone has a right to bear arms. but you can also bring them into the supreme court.

so because we actually know that guns are dangerous, as much as people may proclaim one thing, you have to look at the actions. on the florida house, we saw members shot down and that is why we have bulletproof vests and other kinds of protections. the mayor is someone who has grown up in west philadelphia, the best place in the world to go up. as a former councilman and a second term mayor of our city, in so many respects we have worked together on gun buyback programs and we have gone through police officers being killed, young children in the city -- as much as we may think about famous people that have been shot, there are literally dozens of children -- over 50 children per day shot every day in our country. and mayor, we thank you for your

great work. there is so much more that could be said. but it's much more important that we hear from the witnesses. i would like to welcome my friend and the leader of the united states conference of mayors here today. we await his testimony. >> thank you. >> we are honored by each of your presences, and we would like to begin with doctor janet robinson, a woman of incredible character and courage. >> thank you very much. i am here to give a face to the children and the staff and the families of sandy hook elementary and the community of newtown, connecticut. nearly 500 elementary children filed in the school with the expectation of all little children, that good things will be happening today. little in the way upstairs --

maybe, what is for lunch today? will i have a chance to play with my friends at recess? in the first three classrooms in the front hall, the little first graders coats were hung up and their morning routine began with several time on the rug with their teacher. there they discussed the calendar, the activities of the day, along with inactivity in the classroom. this is a typical routine of sandy hook elementary school. a place that exuded caring, happiness, nurturing, from the moment you walk through the doors. when you enter the halls, you'll get a smile and cheerful greeting. the children's work is posted in the halls, so that you know what that you are in a special place immediately. sandy hook elementary school seemed like the safest place on earth and its quiet little suburban community. the school has been known for the superb education that students receive for over 50 years. and has been acknowledged as a

vanguard school. not only has it been a high achieving school, but it's tradition about caring about the whole child is well known and part of that tradition. the school is an important piece of this community. that morning was like every other morning. after all, routines are comforting for kids. until about 9:30 a.m., when a troubled young man came in with an assault rifle and shot off the glass windows to bypass the buzzer to be let inside. he quickly changed lives of so many people. he went by the office where only one secretary was working, and she went under her desk, driving the phone with her. fortunately, he didn't check. then he went back out in the hall where he was confronted by the principle, dawn hochsprung from the lead teacher, natalie

hammond and the school psychologist, mary sherlock, who emerged from a meeting in a conference room. i can just picture dawn hochsprung enter a nation that someone would bear in her school and put her babies at risk. it would be so like her to be the protective mother hen and never think of her own safety. i can vision her time to take charge and protect her children. that was how they rushed towards the attacker. dawn hochsprung and natalie blosser lies. then the shooter killed a substitute teacher. all but one child who is clever

enough to play dead. then he took aim on the desoto, who was so excited to reach her dream to be a teacher, such incredible bravery who died trying to shield her students. as with the case of the school's behavioral therapist. none of these brave women were trained in combat. they were elementary school educators dedicated to educating their young children. their first response when confronted by this terror was to protect their children. they arrived in three minutes.

the ems and innumerable lives. the police helped this helpless school in the face of this shooting. twenty beautiful innocent little first graders were lost that day in a senseless act. they were no match for a troubled person with nar -- ar-15 assault rifle. the scene became unbelievable as parents came crying and running and looking for their children. it was horrible as we realize we suddenly didn't have enough children adding up. i then realized the magnitude of this situation.

six adults were lost, including the principal, dawn hochsprung, who took over the leadership of any hook elementary six years ago. her passionate work was immediately evident. she had a vast knowledge and culture already effective teachers to strive for excellence and she truly enjoyed being an elementary principle, enjoying all of the fun of an elementary school. whatever day the school was celebrating, she was all in. she might show up at a district meeting in pajamas and slippers or a fairy princess. yes, she was serious about ensuring that every child had a highly effective teacher. along with her colleagues lost that day, she represented a huge loss in the futures of those children they would have impacted in their professional lives. as a community, we are struggling to pick up the pieces and determine what the new normal look and feel like.

our sense of security has been shattered. innocent children and the people who teach them have been gunned down. everyone has been changed. some families have a whole left behind by a six-year-old that should be doing all the things a six-year-old should do. families are still suffering from the nightmares of sounds and strangers. children who are even fearful in their own classrooms. who knows what the long-term impact will be for those children who had the innocence of childhood chatter. what do i say to the parents who want to be assured that when they put their children on the bus to school, they will come home. how do i protect our children without creating fortresses? how we let our children really enjoy being children? i have heard that the measure of a society is how they treat their children.

so help me give these children their futures. i would like to share with you a fourth-grade student that sent congressmen closely a letter. her name is a vet, and she said i am a fourth-grade student in connecticut. after the shooting in my town, i started a petition online asking for help to change the come ons. it's got a lot of support from america, because then i had to take it down because the police were worried about my safety. what we want is for you to ban semi automatic weapons. this is important so that many people cannot shoot many at once or injure people badly. they put lives at risk. this will help prevent individuals and families and communities from suffering the way that we are now in tremont.

there are hundreds of cards and pictures from all over america. it is so sad and i think that people should walk through the long hallway and read one card out of every box. we would appreciate everything that you can do to help, sincerely, ava s. >> here is a picture of the thousands of cards and letters that are gathered in the hall. it just shows the support and the feeling among the people in this country. thank you for doing what you're doing here. [applause] >> doctor robinson, that deeply

wounded community is so fortunate to have a person of your strength and character to die. we are think of you are here with us today and moved by what you said matt thank you. >> the mayor of philadelphia, is there anyone you would like to acknowledge? we have the mayor of new jersey this year. we welcome you. [applause] >> and if there are others, we want to welcome them as well. >> we want to welcome all the members and let me just first say that you make me very proud. very proud of the opportunity to be with you and more importantly, do you have taken the time to try to address this issue and these issues.

i am michael a. nutter, mayor of the city of philadelphia and we are joined by a number of -- >> [microphone malfuction] >> we are joined today by a number of members. when i saw earlier, we had a number of us who are also members of the organization. members against illegal guns, which is providing tremendous leadership by mayor bloomberg. to all the measures that are here, we thank you for your

leadership. i am honored to appear before you on behalf of mayors to discuss our views of what we must do to reduce gun violence and to make our cities and towns and streets and schools in our theaters in our places abortion safer places for all of our people. again, and again, and again, americans have been stunned by senseless violence and acts of violence involving guns. december 14, 2012, tragedy targeting young children in newtown, it remains incomprehensible. too many times during the last year, mayors have expressed shock at mass shootings. even more frequently, many of us must cope with gun violence that occurs on the streets of our cities every day.

the u.s. conference of mayors has been calling for sensible gun laws to protect the public for more than or years. mayors and police chiefs from towns and cities of all sizes have worked together in this effort for decades. we have done is because of the tremendous toll the gun violence takes on the american public day in and day out. let me share some additional numbers with you. every year in america, more than 100,000 people are shocked. 37,537 people died, including 11,583 people who are murdered. every year 18,000 children and teenagers are shocked. 2829 of them died, including

1888, who are murdered. every day in america, 282 people are shocked and 86 of them died, including 32 who are murdered. everyday 50 children and teenagers are shot. in eight of those children and teenagers died, including five who were murdered. if this was disease killing that many people, if this were an accident killing that many people, if this were bags of tainted spinach killing that many people, this country would immediately take swift action to stop that kind of death toll. some are seemingly paralyzed

when it comes to guns and violence. i would only repeat what congresswoman mccarthy says. this time is different. and it must be. gun violence disproportionately affects urban areas. the 50 largest metro areas have asked you to cities, and these account for 15% of the population, but 39% of gun related murders and 23% of total homicides. philadelphia, like many major cities have struggled to control gun violence for years. however, despite leasing techniques, deaths due to gun violence have not radically fallen. if we use one set of statistics to illustrate this point. last year, the number of shooting victims in philadelphia

was 1282. this is actually down considerably from the year before. it was the lowest number since we began tracking shooting victims in the year 2000. however, the number of homicides was actually slightly up last year. 331. seven more than the previous year. how are these two statistics possible? the answer is that the homicide victims have more bullets killing him. to put it another way, there are more rounds being fired and more intentional head shots. so despite better policing, someone in philadelphia may be more likely to die even though there are more shooting victims. an 11% increase in philadelphia and head shots. we had a 30% increase in the

number of bullets found at scenes measuring more than 20 rounds at a location. let me know that pennsylvania does not have stringent gun restrictions. when the city of philadelphia adopted stricter gun laws a few years ago, the state supreme court struck some of those laws down. that is why we need the federal legislation. comprehensive, commonsense, federal legislation for all of us to be safe. [applause] we cannot reduce gun violence by ourselves. we have done everything we can, but we are still losing the battle thanks to the proliferation of guns in our nation. the philadelphia story is not

unique. mayors everywhere struggle using scarcity resources to fight it. resources that we should be using to educate our children and create jobs for our residents and revitalize our cities. in an open letter to the president and the congress, just three days after the newtown massacre, we urge immediate action. over 200 mayors to sign on to that letter. we call upon the president to exercise his powers through executive orders and the congress to introduce and pass legislation to make reasonable changes in our gun laws and regulations. specifically we call upon congress to enact legislation to ban assault weapons and other high-capacity magazines that are now being prepared by senator dianne feinstein and many others. number two is we need to strengthen the national background check system and eliminate loopholes. number three is strengthened the

penalties for purchases of guns. today president obama and vice president biden believe that the administration's plan to reduce gun violence through legislation and executive action will be good. i was honored to be at the white house for that release and i can tell you that the administration is listening closely to the recommendations that the mayors have offered. the nation's mayors urge the congress to give that purport full consideration and to move swiftly forward on the legislative action that requires. we know that preventing gun violence, whether it is mass shootings in a school, or murder on a street corner, it will take much more than just strengthening our gun laws. we need to reverse the culture of violence in our nation. so the violent acts are not the first response of settling a difference of were compensating for a wrong. we need to strengthen and fund

our mental health system adequately so that we can identify troubled individuals earlier to get him the help that they need. lastly, in addition to the first, i personally support the creation of the coalition against american violence and crime which would examine violent crime in the court recommendations on what our government can do on a local and state and national level to reduce domestic terrorism and violence crimes, such as those that we witnessed in newtown, aurora, colorado, tucson, arizona, and others. as mayor of philadelphia, i also announce something that i referred to as the sandy hook principles. these principles are a call to action for corporations to keep basic core values of american citizens in promoting the health and safety and well-being of our

community. the objective of these principles is the influence of the behavior of gun manufacturers and establishing a baseline standard for responsible conduct of their businesses. i have shared these principles with many other mayors from around the country and we expect we will be reviewing and discussing them in the days ahead. let me be very clear, however. strengthening our gun laws does not have to wait for any of these other actions to occur. the time for action is now. the nation's mayors pledge to work with a safer america and build a safer america for all of our citizens and children. lastly, let me say this as a father. i find it reprehensible and disgusting and outside the balance of human dignity that the nra could place an advertisement on television attacking president obama's daughters.

[applause] even in this at times, outrageous business of politics in which we've are all engaged. we must have the sense to not attack the families and children of those of us engaged in public service. the nra has struck an incredibly new low in public discourse, and that advertisement should be in removed immediately. [applause] that advertisement has no place in the legitimate dialogue must that must take place in order to make this country safer for all of us, especially our children. thank you, madam leader. [applause] >> thank you, sir. [applause] >> thank you, mayor, for your

powerful testimony. ms. nottingham, you have been so supportive. we continue the legacy of public service and we are happy that you are here today to share your thoughts with us and we welcome you. >> thank you for having me. it is fitting that we are holding this meeting near the zimmerman room. gabe was my son. he worked with your colleague, congresswoman gabrielle giffords. a man armed with high-capacity magazines and a semi automatic weapons, they purchased at a big-box store, shop the congresswoman and then turn on the people that came to see her. he murdered six people. including my son read he injured 13 people, including congressman ron barber and did so with 31

bullets before trying to reload his magazine. only then did citizen heroes have the opportunity to tackle him to the ground and disarm him. on that sunny day outside a suburban grocery store, those people, including a 9-year-old girl him ima not much older than children killed in newtown, were exercising their rights. the rights of freedom of assembly. the right to freedom of speech. they were trying to be good citizens and participate in a democratic process. i am sad beyond words at the death and injury of tucson and aurora, newtown, and to many other places. but i am also angry that we -- you and i -- we have made it so easy for these things to happen. we have allowed ourselves to over emphasize gun laws to the detriment of others. including the most important, the right to be alive. we have allowed our families to

lose the feeling of safety at school and their place of worship, at the movies, and gabe, who had a passion for social justice, would be furious. please, do not be swayed by the line that the only way to combat a bad guy with a gun is a good guy with a gun. in fact, there was a good guy with a gun at that tucson, arizona, shooting. he almost mistakenly shot the citizen hero that attacked the shooter. i am here to encourage you to tackle the serious public health issue with resolve. resolve it with facts and the complexity of approach that requires. i fully understand that we cannot stop every shooting. but if we can take action and save some of our loved ones, shouldn't we do everything we

can? we have known some of the solutions for decades but have failed to act. we need better access to and from a governmental health system. we need universal background checks and to take assault weapons and high-capacity magazines off of our streets. we need to allow the cdc to fully research gun violence. i am also here because i think it helps to bolster your resolve. when you can think about the victims as real people and not just statistics. gabe was a guy like many of your staffers. young and idealistic, he would work long hours and work on affordable takeout food and adrenaline. he had plans, picking a wedding location, helping his mom -- that's me, hook up a television. figuring out a birthday present for his fiancée. instead, he was shot in the head as he ran to help. a man that killed many people very quickly.

have you ever had that nightmare where you knew where you were supposed to be but couldn't get their? that was my january 8. as i searched hospitals defy my son who had not answered his cell phone and who i thought might be wounded. it took hours to find out that he had died before he hit the ground. that his bodies still lay on the sidewalk where he fell. when you are disheartened by the number of steps it had to be taken, by the fears of gun advocates, by politics, please dig deep. think for a moment about your young staffers. think about your children and grandchildren. imagine that that cell phone in your pocket is vibrating. and the message says, murdered by a stranger with an assault weapon. imagine that. then sure of your resolve and keep working.

keep working to protect your staffers and children and nation. we need you to not give up. thank you. [applause] >> well said. [applause] [applause] ..

i've been a police officer for 36 years and she for 12. having shared the canadian farmer chaired the national to prevent gun violence. for many years, we have word to try and stop the madness of tragedies we are seeing. these needless tragedies occur every day with real people, police officers included in the lives and minds due to the inadequacy of argon lines.

one person is on the front lines have begun to epidemic. in 2011, the first time in 14 years, more in line for us and in the line of duty by god dan any other means. approximately two dozen children under the age of the team are killed every year by guns, a very sad that it's taken mass murders, including those of the 20 small children in connecticut to get our attention. grandparents has been inaccurately depict it as pro-gun or anti-gannon. this framework has stifled an honest and rational discussion

about what should be done to prevent gun violence. law-enforcement is not anti-god. we on guns, work with guns, carry guns, many pursue hunting, sporting conservation issues. we know that guns in danger turbo consequences. we've seen devastation caused by weapons of excessive fighter power. federal i.d. in certain categories of people too dangerous to possess firearms. among them, silent from the fugitives minors and those who have been committed to a mental institution were adjudicated as mentally ill. the pretty hot in that did in 1994 established a national background check system. but those checks, as you know, are only required when someone

is make in a purchase from a federally licensed firearms dealer. a way around those for a person to purchase at a gun show, an ad or three private party and we know, we've heard an estimated 40% of firearms are required through private transactions, meaning a prohibited person can and as i obtain a weapon without a background check. after the tragedy in newton, the gun lobby founded in part by the gunmakers proclaim that the solution to a bad guy with a kind of sacred air with a gun, unquote. but the real solution is to prevent the bad guy from getting a gun in the first place is to do a background check. that is something the good guy does.

from 1994, when the brady law took effect, to 2009, effectively, that's the last public data leaking gas. nearly 2 million prohibited purchases were blocked. can you imagine? can you imagine it background checks are required universally? that's a lot of that nice prevented from getting guns, good guys stepping back days. it's time to stop dangerous people from getting guns from any source. you can peer congress must pass legislation requiring background checks for all purchases. we must always improve the national criminal background check system, because states are behind in reporting and have not submitted records of those who have disqualifying mental health issues. this must be fixed.

it is critical to reinstate the ban on assault weapons and ammunition magazine at the capacity of more than 10 rounds. assault weapons are not legitimate sporting guns are they designed for citizens to use in defending their homes. they were created to spray bullets in rapid fire on a battlefield, not on our streets. this kind of firepower and communities is simply irresponsible and facilitates mass murder. banning high-capacity magazines to reduce the number of bullets a shooter can use before they must reload. from tucson, arizona to maryland, perpetrators have been taken now will change not magazines trying to reload. semi automatic assault weapons 38 states and should be treated the same way we treat machine

guns. they should be registered in the person should go through background checks. the proposal for volunteers and our scores is a distraction and it's very dangerous. it opens a host of security issues. it is very typical for highly trained police officer to engage in active shooter. it takes a great deal of training and a great deal of training, something that our teachers and principals and superintendents don't have the time and probably aren't inclined to do. police and schools, also known as scored resource officers halt

make school savers by building relationships and trust and it's those relationships that stop the bad guy before an event happens. were not coming in after the fact. we have relationships to develop and glean information so they know when someone is in trouble and struggling and we know when they're threatening to do something because time and time again we have the evidence of it and is typically the school resource officer who develops the relationship and get some information and steps that event. it happens every day because it does not make the news. i also want to stress the atf needs a director in place as soon as possible. [applause] and i spent six years the post has been vacant and you know and i know he seriously needs to be

signed on the need to be repealed and removed. hot mark all across the country, one person in the public are calling upon congress to strength in the nation's laws. i daresay we are pleading. i has to shoot he'd are caught and enact the sensible measures that will present further bloodshed. thank you. hot mark >> thank you all very much for what has been the most extraordinary, powerful testimony and prescriptions for us to take back and directives. and thank you for giving us to strengthened their resolve to help them make these changes

with you. we can't do it without you and i think you know that we hope that you know we are with you in trying to make these changes. we are now going to move to questions. i'll just say i'm going to introduce my colleague, mike thompson to introduce a member who was son of a space chairs on the prevention of violence committee. we're going to have a one minute question and that's going to be true advocate to dealing with mm or spirit mr. thompson of california. >> thank you, not in chair. it gives a great pleasure to introduce the vice-chairman of test scores to prevent gun violence, someone on the judiciary committee, expert in juvenile justice and next week will be holding a hearing with grace napolitano, our colleague from california on juvenile justice and mental health issues, gentlemen are virginia,

mr. scott. >> thank you, mr. chairman. i want to point out the party had recommendations that the president and vice president and so we know we're going to have a serious response to the tragedy in newton. in addition to recommendations we are at the heart on gun safety and violence specifically, we have to make recommendations to address violence generally and that must be done with it comprehends approach. dr. dewey cornell, forensics psychologist at the university of virginia reminds us that if your schools prevention plan begins from the shooter is at the door, it's too late. and so, it is one initiative which seeks to replace what the fun cause the credo to prison pipeline to cradle to college and career pipeline, the attorney general blue-ribbon commission report on how to

reduce problems associated children exposed to violence is published only a few months ago. he uses focuses on prevention and early intervention and uses the phrase evidence based on virtually every page. it urges us to follow evidence and research underwear slogans and look at approaches that are not affect his. so if we do what we know what we need to do and agree that our recommendation will reform to sound research, we can have confidence better recommendations to make a difference in children across the nation will be protected. we have people from virginia that affect to recognize, laurie and the others who want to stand out. those at the virginia tech tragedy, too. hot mark

>> banks. but we are now going to do is first of all, this has really been an outpouring of support for this effort. we've had over 60 members of the house of representatives here and we are not in session. there are no foes, some members have stayed because of their view of the importance of this issue and wanted to listen to your views. this is however going to handle the questions because there's so many. what we will continue to do as they have in the past, recognize members in the order that they come into the hearing room. but we are going to ask members in batches of five to ask one question each. you have one minute, and you're used to this, to ask your question and then we'll have a

panel answer those. honestly, what i would like to do is do this in a 10 minute block of time so we can get around to as many questions as we can. the first grouping of questions [inaudible] power to join you in diluting the panel today with a call to action and you certainly have heralded that call. i know the mayor has to get back to work and philadelphia. mr. mayor, if you have to slip out, we understand and i want to thank you now. [applause] the following fed members who kick it off. congressman eddie bernice johnson of texas, cumbersome and -- she's gone? representative frankel from

florida, representative velazquez, representative going to be cheaper boric in. >> thank you very much, madam chairwoman. my question is a broad one and probably directed to the mayor and chief of police. without the budgetary restraints that we suffered throughout this country, do you think you can have an effect this program without funding? >> note. >> we are going to take all five questions at one time. [laughter] >> mr. holtz. >> thank you are the stories.

they certainly make one cry. they should make one determined and committed. why has america is so different in the statistics you gave us? you know, it is not that we have so much more mental illness are less mental health care and other countries are so many fewer armed police were different for student. it's not only american youths who play violent videogames. it is not that we have so little information about bad guys and yet we have so many work on deaths. what are the major distractions in these arguments that we have to guard ourselves against? clearly over the decades, we have been distracted from actually confronting the problem >> thank you very much, madam chair and thank you for your moving testimony.

my home state of oregon is one of the few states that requires universal background checks for firearm sales. however, the recent shootings at the town center shopping mall, the shooter killed to be for turning the gun on himself had stolen his assault rifle and we know that newton shooter. what other steps can we take? how else can we address the situation that are not addressed by universal background checks? thank you. >> mr. moran. >> columbine high school had an entire police force at virginia chadwick. but what i would like to principally focused on an old directives to mayor said for

being from virginia. philadelphia, d.c. and other major cities have the toughest guy mosque, but look at all the gun crime. virginia is one of the major problems because what happens even though governor wilde passed a law limiting handguns to an amount, date and reverse the virginia legislature and so now people will go and another thick and show her or whatever, often time stop to buy cases of guns, transport them up 95 and then find a street corner, open up the trunk and saw the guns. i'd like to mayor to address the phenomenon and white demands federal legislation. thank you. >> mr. kildee, one minute. unless the mayor to answer questions first because he has to leave. >> panel comic thank you for your present during testimony. i represent flint michigan,

where over the last two years on the one in every 540 residents have been slain an amazing statistic. i talked to her prosecutor today. his concern is the guns he sees on the street are held at teenagers. not a single one of them acquired legally. my question then i suppose, chief knight, i would ask you to comment about federal support, local police chiefs, places like flint and saginaw that have precious few local resources available, what federal support would be most helpful in dealing with this problem? thank you, madam chair. i'll try to be really quick. leader pelosi and the two chairs , thank you for your

accommodation with regard to my schedule and the opportunity. congresswoman johnson, u.s.a. question with regard to can we really -- we do what we do with what we have. but let me say this is a part my testimony, to talk about dealing with these issues at the federal level. in the aftermath of 9/11, the united states of america said we'll do whatever it takes to make sure we are safe. but i wanted someone to say what the rhetoric takes walking. i want my children to go to school. i want the scale comparable response to international terrorism to the domestic terrorism i see another mayors across the country experience on a regular basis. that's funding, personnel, equipment, support, technology, focus on a regular basis that

domestic terrorism is as important as international terrorists. you must have to take all your clothes off to get on an airplane or one guy had a bomb in his shoe and now all of us years later are still taking their shoes off. that's fine. i want to be safe on an airplane. so we can't do what we need to do without serious focus federal support and that's what the 9/11 commission told us what we needed to be doing to be safe in the air. we also need that team responds to be safe on the ground. but one answer. congressman holtz, to your question, i think one of the reasons -- i do not believe that americans are not that much work for a defense that had nothing philadelphians are more murderous than many other folks. but when you have almost as many guns as you have people in this country invariably come and they

end up in the hands of folks who should not have been. we try to pass in philadelphia and did get this will buy. the simple idea you have to report your weapon lost or stolen, if you had to make a claim to your insurance company, you have to report it stolen. the nra sued him a 100 day to decimate on the proudest moments of my entire political career. [applause] so it is a distraction in the distraction the nra and money and intimidating tag takes. we have to be prepared to fight back in similar ways, not what i talked about earlier. they have guided and done their best to underfund through congress the ats not confirm a director, take away ability to keep that information for law

enforcement or process. if you're going to solve a problem, you need to know which you're going to solve solve any data and information. they've taken every possible step to block the agency or the cdc or anyone else. we can put a person on the moon, but i can assure your going to be a safe walking around the corner. we need data and information. gun locks and lockers. congresswoman bonhomie cheap. in connecticut, the person took his mother sweatbands. one of the proposals of what i released yesterday in philadelphia, standing up decibels. i don't want to give anyone free advertising. you walk into a video store or electronic story, buy a dvd player in the immediate offer you the two year warranty. when you walk into a kind store up to the background check, sharon should go through, they should offer you a gun lock for ask, do you have begun locker in

your house or business with this gun is going to be stored? that should be part of the sale that's the only person who should get access to that within. we know technology access that you can in fact make ends in such a way that only the legitimate owner and operator can operate that left him. in my city and many other cities across the united states of america, you can rent guns and stash houses across city. you walk in a show you an array. pitcher money down, bring it back in a week, to whatever you do and bring it back. mostly bring it back because they know who you are. so guns circulate. they are already there. at least in our city and chicago in illinois may have very, very tough laws. we don't in pennsylvania. we have some of the weakest laws

in the united states of america united states of america appears some places for you have tough laws, they may be crazy, but they're not totally. they buy whatever weapons in a week or last date and bring them back and, which is why we need federal legislation covering the united states of america. that's what we need. and the people involved in that particular business and in many instances could be a spouse, girlfriend, boyfriend, whatever the case may be. they go have a friend do it. that person is engaged in criminal to be as far as i'm concerned. they should have the hammer comes down to solemnize the unit and the defendant is for people who walk around with unlicensed weapons. look to new york and commend governor cuomo for what he did yesterday. in new york city, a famous athlete if you use to go walk around with assault weapons shot

himself in the leg and did two years in prison. this is serious business. we have too many young people, too many teens are too great access to these weapons and no one seems to care whether or not they have them or not. as their legal guns that should not be on our streets and to step up line first activity and those illegal guns off the streets of america. all of this conversation, and i had on last night was someone who clearly needs a serious background check or so, this notion that somehow after 236 years created in the city of philadelphia that somehow the government is going to be something that causes everyone to be armed, that were marching down the street, coming after guns as a whole lot of nonsense and people not dealing in the reality of what i am the chief and many others face on a daily basis. we have real jobs, real challenges and responsibilities try to make our folks safe.

many do cut out the nonsense and have serious conversation about these issues than i thank you. >> thank you very much, mayor. >> thank you, mr. mayor, very much. [applause] our next group of five then we ask people hear the one that coaches and committee assignments may be based on adherence to god is the first is ms. barbara lee from california. then, ms. lujan krishan, ms. susan davis, ms. davis scott. and let me just say to the witnesses, when you respond, if you, pbytes, that further questions, please feel free to do so. >> first, let me thank the panel for your extraordinary testimony. also, i harpold notices go to the family there loved ones in the entire newton community. my constitommunity.

my constituents in my district, especially from oakland, california 70,000 prayers also to you. in many ways, part of the community, which i represent continues to be a war zone. 15 constituents were shot just last week. could you please give us an idea of what cities and police officers and mayors confront in terms of daily gun violence? >> maxes ms. lujan krishan. >> i do want to add my appreciation for the tai chi name courageous remarks today. i can tell you that i have renewed resolve because of your courage and dedication and compassion and recognized that this is the day to commit from this day forward that we need comprehensive reform so that we are doing something meaningful about the gun violence in this country and in fact they come from the district of new mexico, where he had significant gun violence and tragedy of the questions i would've asked had a

nasty day. so i have a new question, which is in the aftermath of this horrific tragedy and i want to make sure i recognize there's been others. what can we do in congress today to help the healing and make sure we have continued support for those families in your community, dr. robinson. >> thank you. mr. hank johnson. >> thank you. my condolences to dr. robinson and nottingham and representatives from the virginia shooting. my sincere condolences. would've been a a culture of violence. the question is, how do we change from a culture of violence into a culture of education and the culture of the culture peacefulness clicks it takes money. we here in congress have that

ability, preventing mass shootings by way of banning assault weapons and high-capacity magazines, certainly something we should do. we need to get at the issue of violence that affects us with respect to handguns, used primarily and intercity areas to kill people. i'm not advocating for a ban on handguns. don't get me wrong. but we need to address the issue of violence in our culture than i would like to know what kinds of resources are available to help students and to help people in the community, adults who have emotional or mental disorders and whether or not we need to put more resources into that area. >> thank you, hank. susan davis. >> thank you very much for being

here and you're making testimony. i want to follow up on the mental health question is because i don't know if you could identify and perhaps chief knight, immediate steps to decent schools can take to identify potentially dangerous individuals. we know that many, many people who would benefit from health treatment are cursory because there's no other place for them to go and on the other hand, california has had a procedure for involuntary commitment and i wonder whether you think that's an important thing to look at as we look at options that communities that have. >> thank you. david scott. >> yes, thank you. dr. robinson, i'd like to direct this question to you. the national rifle association has set the best way in response to that have been at your school in newton is to arm the teachers

and put armed personnel in each of the schools. at that today she responds. how would you respond to the nra on not quite and secondly, why you feel strongly that a large part of the answer to this is to deal with these weapons of mass destruction as we call them, with high-capacity weapons. >> thank you, david for your patience. we ask her panels to remember, if you guys to comment on some pain. >> i was just going to say -- [inaudible] >> thank you. representative gratian, thank you for the question. it's a sensitive question. we realize now in the midst of this and looking back their faces dealing with this trauma.

it had named this, i call this the start of the recovery. it's painful. mental health is a big piece. what i come to realize is a new pastoral sense of safety that she start to look for things that are concrete and get the visible signs of safety. parents are looking to see police surrounded the street, want to make sure the car out there and police in the building. they are demanding their big s. harrison elementary schools, which we didn't have. people seem to need that. some of our teachers are saying, you know, any escape ladders in the road and the doers changing the locks. they are creating a list of things that they need to feel safe because they've lost their personal sense of safety.

so congress could take a real critical look at those unique situations that happened in these dramatic events in arizona, wherever. people go through these processes and their different places and there's a lot of grieving the mental health support is necessary and we do a great job of bringing in germanic experts, counseling and so forth and then they go away. i think that people need support for a long time and i don't think when these people go away they start talking about a transition plan and they say no, stop. we are not there. so we need more long-term kinds of support by nature mattock incident occurs and that's mental health and that's also at this visible signs of security so we can keep going. representative scott, your

question on the nra teachers. i come from the army family. that has been as navy pilot. we don't keep guns. you know, have great respect for guns. my dad used to take down his ranch in new mexico in teach me how to shoot. i have great respect for them. but if you remember what she chiefs a little while ago, he said it takes a great deal of training for police officer to shoot a weapon in action. teachers are teachers and maybe think about elementary teachers, elementary teachers just love kids. they're not going to go sit on the floor on iraq and we took the kids at the gun at their head. there was some very insensitive individual who will go unnamed but immediately after this, na did not watch tv after this, made some claim that if done huckster on had a weapon in her death, she could've taken care of it. number one, she wasn't at her

desk a good principle is. that means she would have to carry that she whipped around. but what about the athletic individual who shot himself in the foot. how many kids could it get entered with an experienced elementary teachers working with guns. it's not even logical. i people do tell me they need to see armed policeman and they were people who are trained. they went to see them in the schools and i think that is that lots of security and i think that's important. at least temporarily repealed to accommodate that. the third part of your question had to do with high-capacity. he shot every one of these little 6-year-old three to 11 times. that wasn't necessary. and heidi had a single shot or a god and all that ammunition,

maybe dawn and the people coming out could have stopped him. you know, they were determined. they didn't have a chance at a semi automatic weapon and little 6-year-old bodies have chance. so that's the depth of my feelings. did i miss anyone? >> ms. nottingham coming to shoot a comment? demo go to the chief. >> i would just like to echo the idea that people need support after mass shootings after any major tragedy. for a long time, there is not a quick recovery and that should be understood and recognized. secondly, that is just one aspect of the idea of moving to a culture of education rather than a culture of violence. one of the things we've been working on in tucson through

this ability respect and understanding its anti-bullying programs in the schools because we relearn about violent, model violence, children are very young. and if we are going to address this to an educational aspect, then we should look at additional support for anti-bullying activities in our schools. >> from my worldview, some of these overlap, so i'm not necessarily going to be surgical, but i will answer a lot of these questions. firstly, she asked about funding. yes, please, we do. here are the number of ways to reduce it. specifically, school resource officers. in my city, a city of 25,000, the lion share of the public schools with our district are in my city and at private schools, three. because of funding and what it

is in today's world and the economy and education, we know how they are strapped. i have for as far at one time. i know how broad and that is not a desired situation by the school or by my department. yesterday finding peace. to the mental health peace, they are in there,, know the case, they even know they don't look right a bad day and the friendships and they talked to someone else will say can't have you seen his facebook page? for i am being taken down and all the things that lead us to mental health issues. regarding mental health issues, today the officer on the street gets caught having an episode of some nature. maybe a family member, coworker or maybe there aren't about having some. the officer comes, evaluate and determine something is going on.

this person needs to be seen. if cremated no crime a lot of the time, so they in minnesota tonight and this is similar throughout our country, execute the 72 hour hold. a lot of people think it kind of situation is resold for 72 hours southeast. this individual will be receiving some sort of care and i assays to determine the next day. that's not true. the 72 hour hold all that gives the authority to say whether you want to or not, you are going to have to come at me for this paramedic crew and you're going to this hospital. upon arrival, often because their history is know, a host of genetic reasons, er physician releases and then. so yes, that's a problem. and you're right.

my peers will tell you, jails have become de facto institutions because a lot of people come to some sort of crime have been very fair outcome is something well. so now they are in jail. do we think they're getting treated their? i hope that goes to your question. >> chief, can i interrupt for one second? i know dr. robinson is going to catch an airplane they want to see thank you to you. our hearts, thoughts, prayers are with you in the new community and we will do what we need to do. thank you, dr. robinson. [applause] >> sorry, chief. >> now, i'm sorry. such as oppression of has some unlikely on sale at the end,

another gets their hands on it, family member or whatever the situation. yes, we know that happens. but there should be a foster stolen weapons, there should be legislation i think there requires the safe storage and separation of weapons and ammunition so they're not available to anyone who might come upon them. so you know in a footnote, it wasn't that long ago smith & wesson was giving gun locks out with their weapons and they were vilified, vilified by the industry. and guess what they start doing? a business decision. giving gun locks, came to be a prudent business decision to stop it. now, where's the sanity and not? it does make face. course it doesn't. you know, in regard to the daily violence that we see,

unfortunately my city, very few murders. we have a lot of accidents. in fact, in the past 12 months, we've had four people who've run through the permitting shoot themselves. two of our demonstrating the weapon was unloaded. and so we are dealing with gun violence all the time. again, which doesn't make the news, is my officers are taking guns off the people of the time because nothing happened, thank god, that's not a newsworthy item. my peers will tell you across the country i started in 1976. at that time and the cards needed is a shotgun. typically a 12 gauge. that was so wet paint to go to

if it really got heavy. well, over some we went from a shotgun because it was still under adequate for the type the officers facing on the streets and we moved to a nine-millimeter rifle because that would double in the field a bit. for your -- officers said they are 15th in their office. do you think of what to do this because i want to? to think i have a lot of money? i am doing it because i am forced to provide my officers the tools they need to keep you, my family, my community and themselves safe. it is not simply because it is a new weapon we need to acquire. so i hope that goes to your question. i hope i touched on those

questions. >> thank you. this is the last tranche of questions here and sheila jackson lee from texas -- [inaudible] i'm sorry, cumbersome and quite more -- he may have left. okay, ms. jackson lee and ms. maurer. one minute. >> that they acknowledge to dr. nottingham are deepest in the state for such a young man and hero. certainly to the tragedy we have witnessed in vietnam ulcer, i also want to acknowledge to people in there and have experienced gun violence in ron david uchida davis who lost their son to gun violence.

[applause] i come from texas, chief and i'm going to hold this off. the headline says that type of gun world because i want everyone to know where you just said what have said you were not asking for guns. the store's name is used in armor in the headline says they are strictly controlled at the united states government. not only that, someone says someone breaks into take their guns in a saint because they are in a vault. tell me about the outgunned as a police officer and the importance of story and securing guns. you mentioned earlier, the storing of securing guns in people's homes, which i think is enormously crucial. >> thank you very much and i particularly want to thank

dr. nottingham, as a mother and grandmother, i can't imagine sitting next to my friend, ron harper, the pain you feel. i don't have any questions. i just want to ask for yourself and all those listening today. we all have been listening to the recent polls. 80% of the american people support closing the loophole. 70% with universal background checks. 6% with high-capacity magazines, et cetera, et cetera. we and i just hope we can work together to use the american people to get legislation passed through both the senate and the house. be your past tough legislation just this week. we can do it with your help and i thank you for appearing here today. thank you. >> news moore?

>> thank you so much. i joined so many others in ottavio who have turned your pain into some actionable plans for the current killings and violence. i just don't know that i can do it, so i really appreciate your appearing to help us sort through these things. i think part of what makes all this so helpless is because how do you prepare in this sleepy little town like newton, connecticut, anticipating that someone will come in and shoot 26 people. you just don't necessarily prepare for that as you might think of some big-city, where that might have been. but there are -- i'm talking about domestic violence now. we know that every single day there's going to be some woman who is going to be killed

because there are restraining orders that are put out there and they won in his spouse a firearm is five times by likely to be killed or that we have federal laws prohibiting misdemeanor or felony -- folks of felonies from having a firearm, but what do you think? what do you think, cheese is maybe a grant program restricted to the states to number one, align their domestic violence laws in identifying who these people are with federal law and to give them grants so as soon as the restraining orders put down, number one, d.c. firearms from them right that day. no need to go to a psychiatrist can do nothing if you've got to restrain order. we take her firearms that day and until the judge list that

order, that it be put into the ntis immediately so that she can't hide the gun. >> thank you very much. mr. barbour, one comment, question. >> i have a question with regard to mental health services and people with mental health needs. before he did come i want to correct something i've been saying for a few days that is now incorrect. i was saying that those of us who were shot on junior at each were shot in 45 seconds. they learn from the u.s. attorney that 36 bullets were discharged in 19 seconds and i think it just emphasizes all the more need to do some thing about high-capacity magazines. my question to you about mental health. with a bill that will hopefully provide training to bonds and

educators. what more can we do to provide good information, practical information to those who might have come into contact with folks of mental illness get the treatment they need possibly prevent these kinds of tragedies? [inaudible] -- response. >> the question about gun storage and particularly in the home venue. this is a personal opinion, but tested in the field if you will. our country has a solid hunting and sporting tradition, but it was waning. but a lot of people who didn't grow up in such a tradition and they don't hunt and what outcomes the lack of respect for it with an of all. secondly, this idea and we see

it all the time of guns unsecured, loaded, and a home, under a pillow, and the nightstand, on top of the refrigerator or wherever it is anyone can come along, especially a child to pick up. frankly we need legislation that makes it a crime. we can say after the fact is banned by social services and those avenues, unsafe environment, but doesn't get the particular issue. i don't think it is. an regard to domestic violence, absolutely. you're so we do at that. first of all, forgive me for stating the obvious, but next is a wonderful thing. i'm sorry, and cic. they're both wonderful things. anything with a serial number person there, like a toaster. it's not necessarily go to

database to get at what they want to get off. i think those people should go into the next system right away and i think we need is funding for crisis teams. because when guns and often is the case are not involved, but some money to help in an officer roles that the greek in the morning and very limited in the resources them. if there is funding for properly trained crisis intervention people, their rico. now we got something. out of some mental-health er in the officer doesn't have to be creative or drive away, god forbid, because there's nothing they can do. and i'm sorry. was there another question? >> while he's thinking, i want to add one thing and i am not an expert on mental health, but i

do just want to say that in any comprehensive package, including appropriate funding for increased access to mental health services and increase mental-health services is absolutely crucial. we don't want to have solved our problems by tackling a shooter after they've run out of toilet in a high-capacity magazine. what we want to do is stop them from ever feeling the need to pick up that kind. so if we can include mental health in a comprehensive package, i think it's absolutely crucial. >> fantasy thank you and i want to ask each of you if you have some closing remarks, a startling statistic that i just found out is 67% of adults, 80% of our children with mental

health issues are not being treated for this issues. i have to look over and over again because i thought the numbers are so staggering that no one would believe me and we got the citation on it as well. let me just ask you if you have any closing remarks before he turned it over to the leader. >> thank you for listening to the quarters. >> i would like to say this. thank you. i have over the years that with a lot of you and i know where your hard cider and a thank you. what a great day this was leaving the white house and having to face. thank you. i would say this, there are those who say that the gun lobby has caused great fear but your colleagues and maybe they would rather do something, but because of this fear, they'll go with the gun lobby. i would like to just suggest this. for that individual, not you folks, but for the individual struggling this fear, that's

inconvenience. thus they belittle harper. fear is what went through the hearts and minds of those 20 first-graders and connecticut. that's fear, ladies and gentlemen. and the suggestion that people should be afraid, when in fact to know america is behind you on the background checks on all these other issues. how is that fair? it is just becoming educated. [applause] >> not a leader. >> thank you rematch. a thank you, cumbersome and trained to penrod d'andrea says the policy committee. i think all of our colleagues. this is a big issue of numbers that we've had for any hearing by five and i might add there is an overflow room of folks who have been listening to these

proceedings. most of all, i think our witnesses for sharing their stories, their experience. you honor us with your generosity spirit and time to be with us because they know you have it demands, especially at this time for your opinions. as i mentioned earlier is a call to action, gun violence prevention and, a call to action. so i'm going to yield my time to the gentleman from california, mr. thompson because he has the responsibility to lead us into action legislatively here. once again, the chief and i., dr., thank you so much for honoring us with your presence. [applause] >> thank you, not a leader and chairs for holding today's hearing and thank you for allowing me to help construct sensible gun laws that will help

to prevent gun violence. nothing said today it is earth shattering. that being said today's going to to take anybody's guns. nothing today is going to threaten any hunters or gun collectors. people came forward today and asked for background checks and i don't know how anyone could be against that. at one wants to keep guns out of the hands of criminals. if you have background checks, you can't do it. the whole idea of assault magazines, people coming with 30 shows in their magazines, even 15 shows in their magazine as i bergey said, i am a hunter. the federal law, the federal law restricts the number of shells i can put in my shock and when i go duck hunting. no law restricts the number of shows somebody can put in an assault magazines to go do whatever types of misdeeds they want to do. enforcing the existing laws is

what they say a no-brainer. enhance school security, fixing holes the mental-health system, all important all important things in things we have to do in the leader is ready. it is a call to action and it's a call to act. this time responsible gun owners stand hand-in-hand with the passionate and compassionate congress to make sure we make our streets safe and do something we can do in the time to act is now. thank you all very, very much. [applause] >> i think it is important to note to our witnesses that the course of the hearing, as you know, scores of members who are here, the distinguished majority democratic whip has been with us the entire time, assess our distinguished ranking member of the judiciary committee, so we're very honored by your presence. >> if i can say, i was a master

that had me questions, but i was going to answer, i have no questions. but i have unbelievable respect and admiration for your courage and insights. thank you very much. [applause] [inaudible conversations] ..